Wildlife Value
Fruit important winter food for songbirds, especially waxwings, mockingbirds, and robins. Important for shade. About 45 wildlife species eat fruit, and deer browse on twigs and leaves. Native to eastern United States, including eastern plains of Colorado.
| Growth form | globular |
| Crown density | moderate |
| Size | 40 to 60' high 40 to 60' spread |
| Drought resistance |
very good |
| Cold hardiness | very good |
| Growth rate | rapid to moderate |
| Life span | long |
| Elevation range |
to 7,000 feet |
| Soil conditions |
tolerates alkaline well; moderately salt tolerant; grows well on most soils; best at plains elevations |
| Possible insect problems |
leaf gall psyllids; spiny elm caterpillar; nipple gall always present |
| Possible disease problems |
hackberry witches' broom |
| Wildlife value | high: songbirds and small mammals |
| Seasonal color | pale lemon-yellow foliage in fall |
| Miscellany | native; wood of commercial value |